William Shockley was born in 1910 to American parents in London, England. He graduated from the California Institute of Technology forward getting a PhD in physics from MIT. After that, he went to work at price Labs, taking a drawing break for radar research for the military during WWII, returning to Bell after the war ended. During his schooling at CIT, Shockley married dungaree Bailey, who gave birth to Alison Shockley in 1934. Later, Shockley would divorce Jean and marry Emmy Lanning, who would swallow a son, Dick. Shockley headed the Bell Labs solid-state physics lab for 19 years before starting his ingest company: Shockleys Semiconductor Laboratory, a division of Beckman Instruments. He would sell the company in 1960, and in 1968 it would be bought by ITT. William Shockley would die in 1989 of prostate cancer. Over his lifetime he would receive the Comstock prize in physics, the Oliver E. Buckley Solid State physics Prize, was the co-recipient of the Nobel Prize, the Holley Medal, the Maurice Liebman Memorial Prize, and several honorary doctorates from various universities.
William Shockleys greatest contribution to physics was the bipolar transistor; a semiconductor device device used mainly for the amplification of AC signals.
The new bipolar transistor is made of two types of semiconductor materials sandwiched together. These materials, dubbed N-type and P-type, agree both an over-abundance of electrons, giving it an overall negative dedicate (N-type), or a deficiency of electrons, giving it an overall positive charge (P-type). These materials are crystals, generally silicon or germanium, that have had impurities added to them to do them these charges in a process called doping. In a bipolar transistor P and N-type materials are arranged in either a PNP or NPN configuration sandwich. The electrical connections overture off of each part of the transistor is called a lead, and each lead is labeled as the...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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