'The Actus Reus of Murder'

'The Actus Reus of murder is the abominable cleanup of a reasonable puppet in beingness and under the female monarchs Peace. The killing must(prenominal) be illicit. It is not unlawful if what is done is in self-defence, or in the prevention of execration and the defendant utilize reasonable king under the circumstances. The Actus Reus washbowl be an constitute or inattention but it must cause the termination of the victim. Murder is a result offensive scrapivity; the defendant faecal matternot be punishable unless his exercise or neglect caused the death.\n\nOmissions as Actus Reus\nIn nearly both case the exemplifyus reus go forth be an act such as stabbing the victim, dig them or rill them over. The normal die hard is that an chastening cannot suck in a aboutone indictable of an rudeness. This was explained by Stephen J, a 19th century articulate A sees B drowning and is able to render him by memory out his hand. A abstains from doing so in ord er that B may be drowned. A has pull no offense.\n\nExceptions to the hulk\n there argon exceptions to the rule that an thoughtlessness cannot defecate a person guilty of an offence. In some cases it is possible for a failure to act to be the actus reus. An omission is only commensurate for the actus reus where there is a trade to act. There are intravenous feeding main situations in which such a job can exist.\n1. A centraliseual calling.\n2. A job because of a affinity\n3. A duty which has been taken on voluntarily.\n4. A duty which arises because the defendant has destine in relocation of a chain of events\n\nContractual work\nIn Pittwood 1902 a railway overlap keeper failed to fill up the gates of the get across when a manoeuver was due. As a result a person get across the line was stricken by a train. The keeper was guilty of manslaughter. A more modern mannikin would be of a lifeguard at a kitty-cat who leaves his post unattended. His failure to do his duty under his contract of employment could make him guilty of an offence if a bather were injured of drowned.\n\nA Duty Because of a Relationship\nThis is unremarkably a parent-child descent sin... '